Thermal insulation - cold and thermal insulation

The effectiveness of the implementation of technological processes is to obtain the best quality product with the lowest financial costs. Production costs are affected by many factors, ranging from raw material prices to energy consumption. The latter is significantly influenced by the use of thermal insulation, both cold and thermal.The role of thermal insulation in energy saving
Most technological processes require the creation and maintenance of appropriate conditions due to which chemical reactions occur or materials are fixed. In some of them, the ambient temperature plays a significant role. Scalding, baking, melting, cooking or, conversely, cooling and freezing are associated with the need to create sufficiently low or high temperatures inside the process line or machine. To create and maintain the required parameters, it is necessary to use external energy – for example, the supply of electricity to generators or aggregates. Electricity costs money, so proper energy management also affects the economics of the plant.Standard devices — drums, furnaces, drying chambers, main pipelines, etc. — are not adapted to keep cold or heat inside. Therefore, part of the energy goes out through the walls or, in the case of refrigerating appliances, is absorbed inside. As a result, it is necessary to heat or cool the interior, which requires the consumption of subsequent portions of electricity. Leakage of cold or heat outside has other consequences. By changing the atmosphere in the room, it negatively affects the environment and the comfort of employees. Heat, cold and thermal insulation help to maintain a constant ambient temperature.Types of thermal insulation
The main task of thermal insulation is to separate two media with different temperatures and prevent the penetration of energy to equalize the parameters of both media. Despite the similar function, in practice there are two types of thermal insulation. These are: cold insulation, the task of which is to keep the cold inside the tank or installation,
thermal insulation, which protects the interior from heat loss and limits the heating of the environment, maintaining the temperature of the external surface of the machine or installation at an optimal height.
Effective thermal insulation must have certain characteristics. They include:low thermal conductivity,
stability of thermal properties over time,
low moisture absorption capacity,
resistance to sudden temperature changes (the so-called thermal shock).
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